6 Climate Factors That Affect Rice Types

Ever wondered why there are so many different types of rice on the market? Some are incredibly soft, while others smell like pandan. One of the main reasons is the climate of the region where the rice is grown. Yes, climate plays a huge role in the flavor, texture, and aroma of rice. Interesting, right? Let’s break it down one by one! 

Climate Factors That Determine Rice Characteristics

 
Here are six climate-related factors that affect the quality and variety of rice grown in Indonesia:
 

1. Rainfall

 
Rainfall is essential for rice cultivation, as rice crops rely heavily on water throughout their growth cycle. In areas with high and evenly distributed rainfall—like West Indonesia—rice can thrive and produce soft, fluffy grains.
 Take Pandan Wangi rice from West Java, for example. It's well-known for its tender and fragrant texture.
In contrast, in regions with low or seasonal rainfall, farmers often grow drought-resistant rice varieties.
 

2. Air Temperature

 
Rice grows best in temperatures between 25–30°C. Within this range, the plants can photosynthesize optimally and produce high-quality grains.
When temperatures rise above 35°C, photosynthesis may be disrupted, causing the grains to dry too early and resulting in harder rice.
Conversely, in colder climates, rice grows more slowly, grains are smaller, and the taste may become bland. That’s why lowland regions in Indonesia—which have more stable temperatures—are known for producing soft, flavorful rice.
 

3. Mineral Content and Water Acidity

 
The quality of irrigation water significantly impacts rice growth. If the water has a balanced mineral content, crops tend to grow faster and healthier. However, too much iron, for instance, can cause premature yellowing of the plants.
 Water pH also matters—neutral water (pH 6–7) helps rice roots absorb nutrients efficiently. If the water is too acidic or too alkaline, crop yields may decline.
 

4. Sunlight Exposure

 
Sunlight is crucial for photosynthesis. The more sunlight rice receives, the better the yield. Thanks to its tropical location, Indonesia enjoys sunlight year-round, which is why many local rice varieties are naturally fluffy.
Still, balance is key—too much sun without enough rain can dry out the crops, while too little sun slows down growth and can lead to harder rice grains.
 

5. Soil Quality

 
Soil condition is also connected to climate. In areas with moderate temperatures and high humidity, soil tends to be fertile and rich in humus. This kind of soil is ideal for growing aromatic and fluffy rice.
 In contrast, sandy or compact soil limits root absorption, producing smaller, harder rice grains.
 

6. Humidity

 
Tropical regions like Indonesia have high humidity, which supports faster rice growth and improved yield. With balanced moisture levels, rice can retain water better, resulting in softer texture.
However, excessive humidity can invite pests and fungal diseases. That’s why farmers need to strategically schedule planting seasons to maximize humidity's benefits while avoiding its downsides.

 
 Now you know—climate factors like rainfall, temperature, and humidity play a vital role in producing various types of rice.
 To consistently produce fluffy and fragrant rice, Beras Maknyuss partners with farmers who implement modern farming methods to adapt to Indonesia's changing climate.
That’s what makes Beras Maknyuss a premium-quality rice. Plus, it’s produced without artificial fragrances, bleach, or preservatives—so you can enjoy the natural aroma, freshness, and soft texture in every bite.
Ready to try it? Order now from our website, or visit your nearest rice distributor!